wordnet.py contains the core database access functions. wntools.py contains the utility functions such as hyponyms, meet, morphy, closure, etc. Importing wntools imports all the public functions from both modules:
>>> from wordnet import * >>> from wntools import * |
Retrieve a Word from the Noun database:
>>> N['dog'] dog(n.) |
“Dog” has six senses:
>>> N['dog'].getSenses()
('dog' in {noun: dog, domestic dog, Canis familiaris},
'dog' in {noun: frump, dog}, 'dog' in {noun: dog},
'dog' in {noun: cad, bounder, blackguard, dog, hound, heel},
'dog' in {noun: pawl, detent, click, dog},
'dog' in {noun: andiron, firedog, dog, dogiron})
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Bind the first-listed sense to a variable, for easier access. (word[0] is shorthand for word.getSenses()[0].)
>>> dog = N['dog'][0]
>>> dog
'dog' in {noun: dog, domestic dog, Canis familiaris}
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Retrieve all the relations, of any kind, that have this sense of "dog" as the source. (dog.getPointers(HYPONYM) would retrieve the hyponyms, or names of subcategories of this sense of "dog".)
>>> dog.getPointers()
(hypernym -> {noun: canine, canid},
member meronym -> {noun: Canis, genus Canis},
member meronym -> {noun: pack},
hyponym -> {noun: pooch, doggie, doggy, bow-wow},
hyponym -> {noun: cur, mongrel, mutt},
hyponym -> {noun: lapdog},
hyponym -> {noun: toy dog, toy},
hyponym -> {noun: hunting dog},
hyponym -> {noun: working dog},
hyponym -> {noun: dalmatian, coach dog, carriage dog},
hyponym -> {noun: basenji},
hyponym -> {noun: pug, pug-dog},
hyponym -> {noun: Newfoundland},
hyponym -> {noun: Great Pyrenees},
hyponym -> {noun: spitz},
hyponym -> {noun: griffon, Brussels griffon, Belgian griffon},
hyponym -> {noun: corgi, Welsh corgi},
hyponym -> {noun: poodle, poodle dog},
hyponym -> {noun: Mexican hairless},
part holonym -> {noun: flag})
>>> dog.pointerTargets(MEMBER_MERONYM)
[{noun: Canis, genus Canis}, {noun: pack}]
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Hypernyms of "dog", and their hypernyms, and so on until the links peter out. (hypernyms(dog) is a shortcut for the closure of this particular relationship.)
>>> closure(dog, HYPERNYM)
['dog' in {noun: dog, domestic dog, Canis familiaris}, {noun: canine, canid},
{noun: carnivore}, {noun: placental, placental mammal, eutherian, eutherian
mammal}, {noun: mammal}, {noun: vertebrate, craniate}, {noun: chordate},
{noun: animal, animate being, beast, brute, creature, fauna}, {noun: life form,
organism, being, living thing}, {noun: entity, something}]
>>> cat = N['cat']
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The meet of two items is their most subordinate common concept:
>>> meet(dog, cat[0])
{noun: carnivore}
>>> meet(dog, N['person'][0])
{noun: life form, organism, being, living thing}
>>> meet(N['thought'][0], N['belief'][0])
{noun: content, cognitive content, mental object}
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Hyponyms of "dog" (n.) that are homophonous with verbs:
>>> filter(lambda sense:V.get(sense.form),
flatten1(map(lambda e:e.senses(), hyponyms(N['dog'][0]))))
['dog' in {noun: dog, domestic dog, Canis familiaris}, 'pooch' in {noun: pooch,
doggie, doggy, bow-wow}, 'toy' in {noun: toy dog, toy}, 'hound' in
{noun: hound, hound dog}, 'basset' in {noun: basset, basset hound}, 'cocker' in
{noun: cocker spaniel, English cocker spaniel, cocker}, 'bulldog' in {noun:
bulldog, English bulldog}]
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The first five adjectives that are transitively SIMILAR to red (there are 71 in all):
>>> closure(ADJ['red'][0], SIMILAR)
['red' in {adjective: red, reddish, ruddy, blood-red, carmine, cerise, cherry, cherry-red, crimson, ruby, ruby-red, scarlet}, {adjective: chromatic}, {adjective: amber, brownish-yellow, yellow-brown}, {adjective: amethyst}, {adjective: aureate, gilded, gilt, gold, golden}]
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Trace the senses of dog to the top concepts, and display the results in a readable form:
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(tree(N['dog'], HYPERNYM))
[['dog' in {noun: dog, domestic dog, Canis familiaris},
[{noun: canine, canid},
[{noun: carnivore},
[{noun: placental, placental mammal, eutherian, eutherian mammal},
[{noun: mammal},
[{noun: vertebrate, craniate},
[{noun: chordate},
[{noun: animal, animate being, beast, brute, creature, fauna},
[{noun: life form, organism, being, living thing},
[{noun: entity, something}]]]]]]]]]],
['dog' in {noun: frump, dog},
[{noun: unpleasant woman, disagreeable woman},
[{noun: unpleasant person, disagreeable person},
[{noun: unwelcome person, persona non grata},
[{noun: person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, human, soul},
[{noun: life form, organism, being, living thing},
[{noun: entity, something}]],
[{noun: causal agent, cause, causal agency},
[{noun: entity, something}]]]]]]],
['dog' in {noun: dog},
[{noun: chap, fellow, lad, gent, fella, blighter, cuss},
[{noun: male, male person},
[{noun: person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, human, soul},
[{noun: life form, organism, being, living thing},
[{noun: entity, something}]],
[{noun: causal agent, cause, causal agency},
[{noun: entity, something}]]]]]],
['dog' in {noun: cad, bounder, blackguard, dog, hound, heel},
[{noun: villain, scoundrel},
[{noun: unwelcome person, persona non grata},
[{noun: person, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, human, soul},
[{noun: life form, organism, being, living thing},
[{noun: entity, something}]],
[{noun: causal agent, cause, causal agency},
[{noun: entity, something}]]]]]],
['dog' in {noun: pawl, detent, click, dog},
[{noun: catch, stop},
[{noun: restraint, constraint},
[{noun: device},
[{noun: instrumentality, instrumentation},
[{noun: artifact, artefact},
[{noun: object, physical object}, [{noun: entity, something}]]]]]]]],
['dog' in {noun: andiron, firedog, dog, dogiron},
[{noun: support},
[{noun: device},
[{noun: instrumentality, instrumentation},
[{noun: artifact, artefact},
[{noun: object, physical object}, [{noun: entity, something}]]]]]]]]
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